How do I find entity by their ID in JPA?

By Wayan in JPA 0 Comment

In this example you will learn how to find an entity object by its ID using JPA. To find entity by their ID, we use the EntityManager.find() method and pass the entity class and the entity ID as the parameters.

In the code snippet below the EntityManager required by the ArtistDaoImpl will be passed from the main program when the DAO is instantiated. The process of finding the Artist entity is defined in the findById() method in the DAO class. You must pass the ID of the entity to this method.

The findById() method call the EntityManager.find() method to find the entity. If no entity was found, where the artist == null a javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException will be thrown.

package org.kodejava.jpa.dao.impl;

import org.kodejava.jpa.dao.ArtistDao;
import org.kodejava.jpa.entity.Artist;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import java.util.List;

public class ArtistDaoImpl implements ArtistDao {
    private final EntityManager manager;

    public ArtistDaoImpl(EntityManager manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }

    /**
     * Find Artist based on the entity Id.
     *
     * @param artistId the artist Id.
     * @return Artist.
     * @throws EntityNotFoundException when no artist is found.
     */
    public Artist findById(Long artistId) {
        Artist artist = manager.find(Artist.class, artistId);
        if (artist == null) {
            throw new EntityNotFoundException("Can't find Artist for ID "
                    + artistId);
        }
        return artist;
    }

    @Override
    public void save(Artist artist) {
        manager.getTransaction().begin();
        manager.persist(artist);
        manager.getTransaction().commit();
    }

    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings(value = "unchecked")
    public List<Artist> getArtists() {
        Query query = manager.createQuery("select a from Artist a", Artist.class);
        return query.getResultList();
    }
}

To run the DAO class we create a main program in the code snippet below. The steps are creating the EntityManagerFactory configured in your persistence.xml file. Create the EntityManager using the factory object. Create the DAO and pass the EntityManager to it. And finally call the findById() method of the DAO class.

package org.kodejava.jpa;

import org.kodejava.jpa.dao.ArtistDao;
import org.kodejava.jpa.dao.impl.ArtistDaoImpl;
import org.kodejava.jpa.entity.Artist;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

public class FindEntityByIdDemo {
    public static final String PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME = "music";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EntityManagerFactory factory =
                Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME);
        EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();

        ArtistDao dao = new ArtistDaoImpl(em);

        // Find an artist with ID = 1 from the database. The entity is
        // exists in the database.
        Artist artist = dao.findById(1L);
        System.out.println("Artist = " + artist);

        try {
            // Find an entity that is not exists in the database will
            // throw an exception.
            artist = dao.findById(100L);
            System.out.println("Artist = " + artist);
        } catch (EntityNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

Maven Dependencies

<dependencies>
    <!-- https://search.maven.org/remotecontent?filepath=javax/persistence/javax.persistence-api/2.2/javax.persistence-api-2.2.jar -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.persistence-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://search.maven.org/remotecontent?filepath=org/hibernate/hibernate-core/5.6.9.Final/hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>5.6.9.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://search.maven.org/remotecontent?filepath=mysql/mysql-connector-java/8.0.31/mysql-connector-java-8.0.31.jar -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.31</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

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