How do I set the cell width and height of a JList component?

The cell width and height of a JList can be defined by setting the fixedCellWidth and fixedCellHeight properties. These properties have a corresponding methods called setFixedCellWidth(int width) and setFixedCellHeight(int height).

package org.kodejava.swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class JListCellWidthAndHeight extends JFrame {
    public JListCellWidthAndHeight() {
        initialize();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(
                () -> new JListCellWidthAndHeight().setVisible(true));
    }

    private void initialize() {
        // Initialize windows default close operation, size and the layout
        // for laying the components.
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setSize(500, 175);
        setLayout(new BorderLayout(5, 5));

        // Create a list of vector data to be used by the JList component.
        Vector<String> v = new Vector<>();
        v.add("A");
        v.add("B");
        v.add("C");
        v.add("D");

        JList<String> list = new JList<>(v);
        list.setFixedCellWidth(50);
        list.setFixedCellHeight(50);

        JScrollPane pane = new JScrollPane(list);

        // Add an action listener to the button to exit the application.
        JButton button = new JButton("CLOSE");
        button.addActionListener(e -> System.exit(0));

        // Add the scroll pane where the JList component is wrapped and
        // the button to the center and south of the panel
        getContentPane().add(pane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        getContentPane().add(button, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    }
}
JList Cell Width and Height Demo

JList Cell Width and Height Demo

How do I create a JList component?

JList is a component that displays a list of objects and allow user to select one or more items. To create an instance of JList we can pass a vector, an array of objects or a ListModel. In this example we will pass an array of objects that contains a date, string and numbers as the parameters.

By default, the list does not display a scrollbar. To give our JList component a scrollbar we must wrap it with a JScrollPane.

package org.kodejava.swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Date;

public class CreateJListDemo extends JFrame {

    public CreateJListDemo() {
        initialize();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(
                () -> new CreateJListDemo().setVisible(true));
    }

    // Initialize the components and configuration of our CreateJListDemo.
    private void initialize() {
        // Define the window title, size and the default close operation.
        this.setTitle("Create JList Demo");
        this.setSize(500, 175);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        // Create an array of arbitrary objects for the JList to display.
        Object[] data = new Object[]{
                new Date(), "One", 1, Long.valueOf("12345"), "Four", "Five"
        };

        // Create an instance of JList and pass data variable as the
        // initial content of it. By default, the JList does not have a
        // scrolling behaviour, so we create a JScrollPane as the container
        // for the JList.
        JList<Object> list = new JList<>(data);
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(list);

        // Add a button to close the program.
        JButton button = new JButton("Close");
        button.addActionListener(e -> System.exit(0));

        // Set the panel layout to BorderLayout and place the list in the
        // center and the button on the south.
        this.setLayout(new BorderLayout(5, 5));
        getContentPane().add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        getContentPane().add(button, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    }
}
Swing JList Demo

Swing JList Demo

How do I get screen’s display mode information?

This example shows graphics devices display mode information such as the display width, height, refresh-rate and bit-depth. This information can be obtained from GraphicsDevice.getDisplayMode() method which return an instance of java.awt.DisplayMode.

We can also get the size of a screen using the following example How do I get my screen size?, but this example can handle only a single screen.

package org.kodejava.awt;

import java.awt.*;

public class GettingScreenDisplayModeInformation {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Get local graphics environment
        GraphicsEnvironment env = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();

        GraphicsDevice[] devices = env.getScreenDevices();

        int sequence = 1;
        for (GraphicsDevice device : devices) {
            System.out.println("Screen Number [" + (sequence++) + "]");
            System.out.println("Width       : " + device.getDisplayMode().getWidth());
            System.out.println("Height      : " + device.getDisplayMode().getHeight());
            System.out.println("Refresh Rate: " + device.getDisplayMode().getRefreshRate());
            System.out.println("Bit Depth   : " + device.getDisplayMode().getBitDepth());
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

An example of the program result:

Screen Number [1]
Width       : 2560
Height      : 1080
Refresh Rate: 60
Bit Depth   : 32

Screen Number [2]
Width       : 2560
Height      : 1080
Refresh Rate: 60
Bit Depth   : 32

How do I get number of available screens?

This code shows how to get number of available screen devices on the local machine or local graphics environment. We obtain the number of screens by getting the length of array returned by GraphicsEnvironment.getScreenDevices() method.

This process can produce a HeadlessException to happen if we try to run this code on a machine that doesn’t have a screen device with it.

package org.kodejava.awt;

import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.HeadlessException;

public class GettingNumberOfScreen {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // Get local graphics environment
            GraphicsEnvironment env = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();

            // Returns an array of all the screen GraphicsDevice objects.
            GraphicsDevice[] devices = env.getScreenDevices();

            int numberOfScreens = devices.length;
            System.out.println("Number of available screens = " + numberOfScreens);
        } catch (HeadlessException e) {
            // We'll get here if no screen devices was found.
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

The output of the code snippet above:

Number of available screens = 2

How do I format a message that contains number information?

This example show you how to use java.text.MessageFormat class to format a message that contains numbers.

package org.kodejava.text;

import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.Locale;

public class MessageFormatNumber {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // Set the Locale for the MessageFormat.
        Locale.setDefault(Locale.US);

        // Use the default formatting for number.
        String message = MessageFormat.format("This is a {0} and {1} numbers",
                10, 75);
        System.out.println(message);

        // This line has the same format as above.
        message = MessageFormat.format("This is a {0,number} and {1,number} " +
                "numbers", 10, 75);
        System.out.println(message);

        // Format a number with 2 decimal digits.
        message = MessageFormat.format("This is a formatted {0, number,#.##} " +
                "and {1, number,#.##} numbers", 25.7575, 75.2525);
        System.out.println(message);

        // Format a number as currency.
        message = MessageFormat.format("This is a formatted currency " +
                        "{0,number,currency} and {1,number,currency} numbers",
                25.7575, 25.7575);
        System.out.println(message);

        // Format numbers in percentage.
        message = MessageFormat.format("This is a formatted percentage " +
                "{0,number,percent} and {1,number,percent} numbers", 0.10, 0.75);
        System.out.println(message);
    }
}

The result of the program are the following lines:

This is a 10 and 75 numbers
This is a 10 and 75 numbers
This is a formatted 25.76 and 75.25 numbers
This is a formatted currency $25.76 and $25.76 numbers
This is a formatted percentage 10% and 75% numbers