How do I create a connection to database?

This post is about an example for obtaining a connection to MySQL database. For connecting to other database all you have to do is change the url to match to url format for a particular database and of course you have to register a correct JDBC driver of the database you are using.

Here are the steps:

Define the JDBC url of your database. Below is the format of JDBC url for MySQL database. localhost is your database address and kodejava is the database name.

private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/kodejava";

Define the username and password for the connection.

private static final String USERNAME = "kodejava";
private static final String PASSWORD = "s3cr*t";

Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

The driver registration step above is not required anymore for modern JDBC drivers (JDBC 4.0 / since JDK 6). The JDBC driver class will be located using the service provider mechanism. So you can remove the Class.forName() statement above and all you need to do is place the JDBC driver in your classpath, and the driver will be loaded automatically.

We can open a connection to the database.

Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);

Do any database operation such as select, insert, update and delete.
Finally don’t forget to close the Connection object. We usually do this in the finally block of the try-catch block`

if (connection != null) {
    connection.close();
}

But in the code snippet below instead of manually close the connection object we use the try-with-resource statement, this statement will automatically close the connection for us.

Here is the complete code snippet.

package org.kodejava.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

public class ConnectionSample {
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/kodejava";
    private static final String USERNAME = "kodejava";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "s3cr*t";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Connection connection =
                     DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD)) {
            System.out.println("connection = " + connection);

            String sql = "SELECT isbn, title, published_year FROM book";
            PreparedStatement stmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql);

            ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                System.out.println(rs.getString("isbn") + ", " +
                        rs.getString("title") + ", " +
                        rs.getInt("published_year"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Maven Dependencies

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
    <version>8.4.0</version>
</dependency>

Author
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Wayan

Founder at Kode Java

A programmer, runner and recreational diver, lives on the island of Bali, Indonesia. Programming in Java, Spring Framework, Hibernate / JPA, MySQL. To support me working on this project, buy me a cup of coffee, every little bit helps. Thank you.

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