In this example you will learn you to iterate a generic collection using the for-each loop. There was actually no for-each keyword or statement in Java. It just a special syntax of the for loop. The structure or syntax of the for-each loop is as follows.
for (type var : collections) {
body;
}
This form of for loop is always read as foreach and the colon (:) character is read as “in”. Given that definition, if the type is a String you will read the syntax above as “foreach String var in collections”. The var in the statement above will be given each value from the collections during the iteration process.
Let’s compare two codes, the first one that use a generic and another code that does not use a generic so we can see the difference from the iteration perspective when working with a collection.
package org.kodejava.generics;
import org.kodejava.generics.support.Customer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ForEachGeneric {
public void loopWithoutGeneric() {
List customers = new ArrayList();
customers.add(new Customer());
customers.add(new Customer());
customers.add(new Customer());
for (int i = 0; i < customers.size(); i++) {
Customer customer = (Customer) customers.get(i);
System.out.println(customer.getFirstName());
}
}
public void loopWithGeneric() {
List<Customer> customers = new ArrayList<>();
customers.add(new Customer());
customers.add(new Customer());
customers.add(new Customer());
for (Customer customer : customers) {
System.out.println(customer.getFirstName());
}
}
}
What you see from the code snippet above is how much more clean our code is when we are using the generic version of the collection. In the first method, the loopWithoutGeneric we have to manually cast the object back to the Customer type. But in the second method, the loopWithGeneric method, no cast is needed as the collection will return the same type as what the collection was declared to hold.