In this example we create a small program to send email with a file attachment. To send message with attachment we need to create an email with javax.mail.Multipart object which basically will contain the email text message and then add a file to the second block, which both of them is an object of javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart. In this example we also use the javax.activation.FileDataSource.

package org.kodejava.mail;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

public class SendEmailWithAttachment {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SendEmailWithAttachment demo = new SendEmailWithAttachment();
        demo.sendEmail();
    }

    public void sendEmail() {
        // Defines the E-Mail information.
        String from = "kodejava@gmail.com";
        String to = "kodejava@gmail.com";
        String subject = "Important Message";
        String bodyText = "This is a important message with attachment.";

        // The attachment file name.
        String attachmentName = "data.txt";

        // Creates a Session with the following properties.
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
        props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
        props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
        props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
        props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.protocols", "TLSv1.2");
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);

        try {
            InternetAddress fromAddress = new InternetAddress(from);
            InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to);

            // Create an Internet mail msg.
            MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
            msg.setFrom(fromAddress);
            msg.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
            msg.setSubject(subject);
            msg.setSentDate(new Date());

            // Set the email msg text.
            MimeBodyPart messagePart = new MimeBodyPart();
            messagePart.setText(bodyText);

            // Set the email attachment file
            FileDataSource fileDataSource = new FileDataSource(attachmentName);

            MimeBodyPart attachmentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            attachmentPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fileDataSource));
            attachmentPart.setFileName(fileDataSource.getName());

            // Create Multipart E-Mail.
            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
            multipart.addBodyPart(messagePart);
            multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentPart);

            msg.setContent(multipart);

            // Send the msg. Don't forget to set the username and password
            // to authenticate to the mail server.
            Transport.send(msg, "kodejava", "password");
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Maven Dependencies

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.mail-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
        <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.7</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>