How do I get operating system name and version?

By Wayan in Core API, Lang Package 0 Comment 
package org.kodejava.lang;

public class OperatingSystemInfo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // The key for getting operating system name
        String name = "os.name";
        // The key for getting operating system version
        String version = "os.version";
        // The key for getting operating system architecture
        String architecture = "os.arch";

        System.out.println("Name   : " + System.getProperty(name));
        System.out.println("Version: " + System.getProperty(version));
        System.out.println("Arch   : " + System.getProperty(architecture));
    }
}

Below is the example result of our program, of course it could be different from what you’ll see in your machine because it depends on the operating system that you use.

Name   : Windows 10
Version: 10.0
Arch   : amd64

Or

Name   : Mac OS X
Version: 10.12.6
Arch   : x86_64

How do I add a delay in my program?

By Wayan in Core API, Lang Package 0 Comment

You have a problem that you want to add a delay for a couple of seconds in your program. Using Thread.sleep() method we can add delay in our application in a millisecond time. The Thread.sleep() need to be executed inside a try-catch block, and we need to catch the InterruptedException. Let’s see the code snippet below.

package org.kodejava.lang;

public class DelayExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // This program demonstrate how to add a delay in our 
        // application.
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            // Print the value of i
            System.out.println("i = " + i);

            try {
                // Using Thread.sleep() we can add delay in our 
                // application in a millisecond time. For the example 
                // below the program will take a deep breath for one 
                // second before continue to print the next value of 
                // the loop.
                Thread.sleep(1000);

                // The Thread.sleep() need to be executed inside a 
                // try-catch block and we need to catch the 
                // InterruptedException.
            } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                ie.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

How do I get a part or a substring of a string?

By Wayan in Core API, Lang Package 0 Comment

The following code snippet demonstrates how to get some part from a string. To do this we use the String.substring() method. The first substring() method take a single parameter, beginIndex, the index where substring start. This method will return part of string from the beginning index to the end of the string.

The second method, substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex), takes the beginning index, and the end index of the substring operation. The index of this substring() method is a zero-based index, this means that the first character in a string start at index 0.

package org.kodejava.lang;

public class SubstringExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // This program demonstrates how we can take some part of a string 
        // or what we called as substring. Java String class provides 
        // substring method with some overloaded parameter.
        String sentence = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";

        // The first substring method with single parameter beginIndex 
        // will take some part of the string from the beginning index 
        // until the last character in the string.
        String part = sentence.substring(4);
        System.out.println("Part of sentence: " + part);

        // The second substring method take two parameters, beginIndex 
        // and endIndex. This method returns the substring start from 
        // beginIndex to the endIndex.
        part = sentence.substring(16, 30);
        System.out.println("Part of sentence: " + part);
    }
}

This code snippet print out the following result:

Part of sentence: quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Part of sentence: fox jumps over

How do I get the command line arguments passed to the program?

By Wayan in Basic, Core API 0 Comment

When we create a Java application we might want to pass a couple of parameters to our program. To get the parameters passed from the command line we can read it from the main(String[] args) method arguments.

To make a class executable we need to create a main() method with the following signatures:

public static void main(String[] args) {
}

This method takes an array of String as the parameter. This array is the parameters that we pass to the program in the command line.

package org.kodejava.basic;

public class ArgumentParsingExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
            System.out.println("Argument " + (i + 1) + " = " +
                    args[i]);
        }

        // If you want to check if the number of supplied parameters
        // meet the program requirement you can check the size of 
        // the arguments array.
        if (args.length < 3) {
            System.out.println(
                    "You must call the program as follow:");
            System.out.println(
                    "java org.kodejava.example.basic.ArgumentParsingExample arg1 arg2 arg3");

            // Exit from the program with an error status, for
            // instance we return -1 to indicate that this program 
            // exit abnormally
            System.exit(-1);
        }

        System.out.println("Hello, Welcome!");
    }
}

When we try to run the program without argument we will see the following message:

$ java org.kodejava.basic.ArgumentParsingExample
You must call the program as follow:
java org.kodejava.basic.ArgumentParsingExample arg1 arg2 arg3

And when we pass three arguments we get something like:

$ java org.kodejava.basic.ArgumentParsingExample param1 param2 param3
Argument 1 = param1
Argument 2 = param2
Argument 3 = param3
Hello, Welcome!

How do I get operating system temporary directory / folder?

By Wayan in Core API, Lang Package 1 Comment

To get the location of temporary directory we can use the System.getProperty(String) method and pass a property key "java.io.tmpdir" as the argument to the method.

package org.kodejava.lang;

public class TempDirExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // This is the property name for accessing OS temporary directory
        // or folder.
        String property = "java.io.tmpdir";

        // Get the temporary directory and print it.
        String tempDir = System.getProperty(property);
        System.out.println("OS temporary directory is " + tempDir);
    }
}

The output of code snippet above is:

OS temporary directory is C:\Users\wsaryada\AppData\Local\Temp\

How do I create a copy of a file?

By Wayan in Apache Commons, Commons IO 0 Comment

This example shows how we can use the Apache Commons IO library to simplify a file copy process.

package org.kodejava.commons.io;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class FileCopyExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // The source file name to be copied.
        File source = new File("README.md");

        // The target file name to which the source file will be copied.
        File target = new File("README-BACKUP.md");

        // A temporary directory where we are going to copy the source file to.
        // Here we use the temporary directory of the operating system, which 
        // can be obtained using java.io.tmpdir property.
        File targetDir = new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));

        try {
            // Using FileUtils.copyFile() method to copy a file.
            System.out.println("Copying " + source + " file to " + target);
            FileUtils.copyFile(source, target);

            // To copy a file to a specified directory, we can use the
            // FileUtils.copyFileToDirectory() method.
            System.out.println("Copying " + source + " file to " + targetDir);
            FileUtils.copyFileToDirectory(source, targetDir);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // Errors will be reported here if any error occurs during 
            // copying the file
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Maven Dependencies

<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.14.0</version>
</dependency>

Maven Central

How do I convert day-of-year to day-of-month?

By Wayan in Core API, Util Package 0 Comment 
package org.kodejava.util;

import java.util.Calendar;

public class DayYearToDayMonth {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Create an instance of calendar for the year 2017 and set the
        // day to the 180 day of the year.
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2021);
        cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, 180);

        // Print the date of the calendar.
        System.out.println("Calendar date is: " + cal.getTime());

        // To know what day in month of the calendar we can obtain the
        // value by calling Calendar's instance get() method and pass
        // the Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH field.
        int dayOfMonth = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

        // Print which month day is it in number.
        System.out.println("Calendar day of month: " + dayOfMonth);

        // To know what day in week of the calendar we can obtain the
        // value by calling Calendar's instance get() method and pass
        // the Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK field.
        int dayOfWeek = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);

        // Print which week day is it in number.
        System.out.println("Calendar day of week: " + dayOfWeek);
    }
}

The result of our above example is.

Calendar date is: Tue Jun 29 08:14:06 CST 2021
Calendar day of month: 29
Calendar day of week: 3

How do I check if a year is a leap year?

By Wayan in Core API, Util Package 0 Comment

The following example using the GregorianCalendar.isLeapYear() method to check if the specified year is a leap year.

package org.kodejava.util;

import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

public class LeapYearExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Here we show how to know if a specified year is a leap year or 
        // not. The GregorianCalendar object provide a convenient method 
        // to do this. The method is GregorianCalendar.isLeapYear().

        // First, let's obtain an instance of GregorianCalendar.
        GregorianCalendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();

        // The isLeapYear(int year) method will return true for leap 
        // year and otherwise return false. In this example the message 
        // will be printed as 2020 is a leap year.
        if (cal.isLeapYear(2020)) {
            System.out.println("The year 2020 is a leap year!");
        }
    }
}

The result of our code is:

The year 2020 is a leap year!

Another code for checking leap year can be seen in the following example How do I know if a given year is a leap year?.

How do I calculate difference in days between two dates?

By Wayan in Core API, Util Package 3 Comments

In the following example we are going to calculate the differences between two dates. First, we will need to convert the date into the corresponding value in milliseconds and then do the math, so we can get the difference in days, hours, minutes, etc.

For example to get the difference in day we will need to divide the difference in milliseconds with (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000).

package org.kodejava.util;

import java.util.Calendar;

public class DateDifferenceExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Creates two calendars instances
        Calendar cal1 = Calendar.getInstance();
        Calendar cal2 = Calendar.getInstance();

        // Set the date for both of the calendar instance
        cal1.set(2020, Calendar.DECEMBER, 30);
        cal2.set(2021, Calendar.SEPTEMBER, 21);

        // Get the represented date in milliseconds
        long millis1 = cal1.getTimeInMillis();
        long millis2 = cal2.getTimeInMillis();

        // Calculate difference in milliseconds
        long diff = millis2 - millis1;

        // Calculate difference in seconds
        long diffSeconds = diff / 1000;

        // Calculate difference in minutes
        long diffMinutes = diff / (60 * 1000);

        // Calculate difference in hours
        long diffHours = diff / (60 * 60 * 1000);

        // Calculate difference in days
        long diffDays = diff / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);

        System.out.println("In milliseconds: " + diff + " milliseconds.");
        System.out.println("In seconds: " + diffSeconds + " seconds.");
        System.out.println("In minutes: " + diffMinutes + " minutes.");
        System.out.println("In hours: " + diffHours + " hours.");
        System.out.println("In days: " + diffDays + " days.");
    }
}

Here is the result:

In milliseconds: 22896000016 milliseconds.
In seconds: 22896000 seconds.
In minutes: 381600 minutes.
In hours: 6360 hours.
In days: 265 days.

The better way to get number of days between two dates is to use the Joda Time API. In the following example you can see how to calculate date difference using Joda Time: How do I get number of days between two dates in Joda Time?.

How do I count word occurrences in a string?

By Wayan in Apache Commons, Commons Lang 0 Comment 
package org.kodejava.commons.lang;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

public class WordCountDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // We have the source text we'll do the search on.
        String source = "From the download page, you can download the Java " +
            "Tutorials for browsing offline. Or you can just download " +
            "the example.";
        // The word we want to count its occurrences
        String word = "you";

        // Using StringUtils.countMatches() method we can count the occurrence
        // frequency of a word/letter in the giver source of string.
        int wordFound = StringUtils.countMatches(source, word);

        // Print how many we have found the word
        System.out.println(wordFound + " occurrences of the word '" + word +
            "' was found in the text.");
    }
}

Here is the result of the code above.

2 occurrences of the word 'you' was found in the text.

Maven Dependencies

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
    <version>3.14.0</version>
</dependency>

Maven Central